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Dr.-Ing. Rainer Lutze, Dipl.-Inform. LuSTCon Logo

AI

For an artificial intelligence (AI) system, with the methods of machine learning (ML):

  • supervised learning
  • reinforcement learning
the domain competence of the system can be build up fast and largely automatically. Human supervision of the learning processes particularly has to assure that the learning instances are suitable for the application area of the AI, are unbiased and comprehensive. The technology of machine learning is superior to former knowledge based systems, where semantic networks and rule bases had to be built up and maintained by human experts in the field by elaborate work. The non-economic costs for it was a determining cause of the notorious “AI winter” in the nineties of last century.

Humanoid robot thinking on the future of AI and his role in the society
Picture credits: © phonlamaiphoto / Fotolia.com

DTs

Digital twins (DTs) are a universal concept in order to test and optimize the mission critical behavior and user acceptance of a new system in a cost efficient and fast way. Without implementing the new system completely and laboriously before. DTs are especially suited also for realistic training and product lifecycle management (PLM) of the twinned entity. DT cannot only administer relevant metadata of the twinned entity in a persistent way, but also simulate the most important behavioral properties of the twinned entity. The DT avatar gives the twin a perceivable and touchable quality.

Sustainable SE

Sustainable Software Engineering (SE) not only has to put the future energy consumption of a HW/SW system in the center of consideration for algorithm design. Especially for durable IT systems a make/buy decision has to be taken early in the design process, which subsystems resp. components will be engineered by the own team and which will be purchased externally. This might imply to make decisions about technic bought-in subsystems / components before they will be commercially available. It requires a systematic technology and innovation management (TIM): observing potential pending disruptive innovations, regularly checking the technologic development progress and maturity, the market availability al well as pricing, license terms, possible suppliers and supply chains for the bought-in parts. DTs for the pending subsystems /components can substitute these entities in the meantime within an ongoing system development in an effective way.

->Res

Design for resilience – a definitive topic especially in these days. Possible disturbances of supply chains, of operating resources resp. energy supplies or a deliberate compromising of a system have to be proactively foreseen. They have to be considered and compensated by a graceful degradation of the system performance, systematic redundancies of critical components of the system as well as intermediate storage. For example, for mobile systems this may be a temporary loss of the cellular network, bluetooth, wifi, GPS or an almost depleted battery.

I2I

Communication at eye’s level is a basic principle in the design of up-to-date dialogues with the users of a system. For example, this means comprehensive prospective explanations and elucidation of relevant consequences before a decision will be effected. The classic retrospective explanation on request, why a taken decision has caused specific consequences, is not sufficient at all today.

Communication at eye’s level mandates the participation of so far passive “readers” also as active content producers in digital media. Provision of information and orientation for “readers” is not sufficient for publishers of contemporary media today.